Three Needs Theory
David McClelland saw Motivation as primarily intrinsic and said that it arose from three main needs:
Achievement
Affiliation
Power
The Need for achievement involves embracing challenges, being goal-oriented, and taking calculated risks.
The need for affiliation involves wanting to belong, yearning to be liked, and focusing on collaboration over competition.
The need for power involves wanting to influence others, being competitive, and striving to attain high status.
Employees could be motivated by a blend of these needs. For example, an employee may be achievement-oriented and still want to be liked.
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